Machine-brake.



No. 841,441. PATENTED JAN.-I5, 190-7.

F. B; RAE. MAUHINE BRAKE.

APPLICATION FILED PEB.24,190C.

4 SHBETSAHEET 11 Q w INVENTOR FRAHK' B RAE WITNESSES m ATTY PATENTED JAN. 15, 1907.

F. B. RAE.

MACHINE BRAKE. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 24, 1906.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

)NVENTOR F'RAHK' B RAE FIE:.E

FIE .5.

MACHINE APPLICATION FILED FEB. 24, 1906.

P. B. RAB.-

PATENTED JAN. 15, 1907.

BRAKE.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3,

WVTNEQBSES INVEHTOE.

FRANK B RAE' F. RAB. MACHINE BRAKE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 24, 1906.

FMS

ITNESSES INVENTOR- w -FRANK- B- RAE-I.

- PATENTED JAN. 15. 1907.

4 SHEET$ SHEET 4.

wfl aw BY W I to - havin' raunnr curios.

FRANK ii. minor nETRoiT, MICHIGAN.

To all whmn, it iii/r14 concern.-

Be it known that l, FnANK B. RA a citizen of the United -States, residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michican, have invented certain new and useful improvements in li'lachine-Brakcs, of which the following is al'ull, clear, and exact specification. H

I This invention relates to machine-brakes such as are used on vehicles orelevators, and more especially relates to brakes wherein the initial application is controlled manually and the momentum or speed of the part which is to be retarded utilized to'produce further retarding force, together with brake-applying means securing an increased power by means of cams or levers.

A further object of my invention contem plates the use of an electromagnet or other device to actuate a yielding clutch for scourthe initial application of the brake, together with means for graduating the force thereof, to thereby r ctermine the extent to which the momentum of the machine will act to further apply the brake. Vv'hen using the mag-net for applying the brake, I may employ the Foucault currents generated by a part movin the" magnetic field to increase the retarding force in addition to the mechanical connections acting directly on the brake itself when the magnet is energized.

- This invention also comprises improvements in the mechanical construction and arrangements of parts whereby a powerful and compact mechanism is produced which is not liable to disarra urement and failure in prac* tical use.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents in elcvat ion one form of my inventioii, showing a band-brake. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section. Fig. ,3 is a view similar to .Fig. 1 of another form of my invention with provision for utilizing the drag produced by i the Foucault currents generated by the rota- 1 be braked. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section.

tion of the magnet relatively to the part to Fig. -5 is an elevation of a further modification. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section. Fig.

-7 is a longitudinal section of another form of my invention, and Fig. 8 is a cross-section.

1 is the shaft of a machine or an axle, to which is attached the brake drum or wheel 2, a projecting; rim 3. Upon the inner then-heel 2 is mounted the electromagnet-cores 4 4a and in agnet-windings 19 19,

a 1 MACHINEBRAKE- Specification of Letters latnt.

Application filed February 24, 1906. Serial No 302.67.6-

Patentedilan. is; 1907.

extensions 5 5, which extensions are hinged together at 6. Projections of this ring 7 7 are held together by the spring 8. The en tire magnet system, its supportin -ring, and retaining-spring is thus free to revo v e around the hub projection 21 of frame-support 14.

Also carried by ring 5 and forming apart of I ,this ring is thesprocket 9, and engaging with 7 1 the-sprocket is the sprocket-chain 10. The

center of the chain 10 passes around-an arc-of thesprocket 9, and its ends are attached to the rocker-arm 11 by the pivot connections 12 12. The rocker-arm 11 is pivoted at13. upon the stationary supporting-frame 14, and attached to the rocker-arm is the lug 15, havin studs 16 16, to which is attached one end 0 the resetting-spring 18, the other end of which is attached to the magnet-ring 5 at its center pivot 6..

The operation of the device shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is as follows: U on current being caused to pass-through t e windings 1919 the cores 4 4 are energized and attracted out \vardly toward the inside of rim 3 of the drum 86 or wheel 2. This expansion takes place against the spring 8, and the resulting fric-. tion between the pole-faces 2Q 20 andthe rim 3 IS in proportion to the current strength nection 16 to decrease the diameter of the brake-strup with relation to the diameter of wheel 2, causing a frictional braking force to be applied to the outside of the'rini 30f the wheel 2 or other moving parts. There are thus two forces used to retard the wheel ice 2, the friction on the inside ofrim3 of the" pole-faces 20 20 depending upon the strength of the magnet and the friction of the band 17 on the outside of rim 3. It will be seen that the lever system, together with the drag of i the magnets on rim 3 tends to increase the force with which the brake is out-side of the rim.

Inasmuch as the magnets will have an arc of oscillation around shaft 1 only so far as isgl Io permitted to apply the brake with the requisite force, the magnet-circuit connections applied to the be supplied from a storage battery. With electrlc vehicles the same source of current. which supplies the motors may he used.

The, magnet-controllin circuits may be arranged in any suitable anner and are not thereforeillustratedher in. It is also noted that the initial braking force applied by the magnets 4 4 and windings 19 l9 may be" made greater or less at will by increasing or decreasing the current strength, thus altering the rna netie drag of the magnets. The increa-s .,ral;ing force applied by the levers to the brake strap or shoe is thuscontrollable and may be varied through a wide range of ap lied frictional or retarding pressure.

rgs. and 4 shbw another formof my invention embodying the same general princi ples of operation, except that in this form vision is made for more efiiciently utilizmg the Foucault currents produced Whenever there is movement of a conductor in a magnetic field. In this construction the magnet 19* is of the iron-clad type, in which the coil l9 surrounds an inner core 19 and is surrounded by the outer shell 4, the whole being rotatably mounted on a hub 21' and carrying-a sprocket Qlor actuating the brakelever It", as before. The poles 45 and I9 will be of opposite lari-ties and are extended outward, as s own, so as to torn-"Ma polar space In the strong magnetic held of which fluted extension 3" oil drum 3 revo-l ves. When the magnet is energized, the rotation of drum 3" in the magnetic field will produce a drag tending to rotatc the magnet itself on hearin-gZl, and thus apply the-brake The brake-applying connections d-i-fl'cr specificallyfrom those shown in Figs. 1 and 2 in that the lever on -11 carries rollers 22, which apply the hrake-shoes IT to rim 3" through a cam-leVer 23. The lover 23 is c -mncctcd with bral c-shoe arm 2:) by pin 24 and 18 is a releasing-spring for spreading the brakeshoo arms 25, hoth ol the latter being pivoted on shaft l3. The cam-lever is connected with the other bral'w-shoearm 25 by a rod 25, so that any movement of lcvcr 223 by rollers applies the brake-shoes 17, mounted on arms 25, to rim 3. The magnetic ('lragthus produces the initial applica tion, and its intcmsity depends upon lh'c speed of rotation, intensified by the incl'cascd leverage.

magnetic ,poles N and S, as before, which magnetization, acting upon the arm 3 of the brake-wheel 3* and augmented byithe. Foucault currents, as before described, ,operates to produce a magnetic drag between the,

magnet system and the rim 3. In this construction there is attached to the magnet system at 27 a ring 28, partially surrounding e drum 3", and mounted upon this .rin at diametrically opposite oints horizonthlly are the rollers 29 W, w-ich are free to revolve upon the pivots 30 30*. These wheels engage upon a cam 31, attached to the brakearrns 25 25", upon'which arms are mounted the shoes for producing the braking friction upon the outside of the drum 3".

The operation of this modified device is as follows: The magnetic drag produced by energizing the coi T9, acting upon the rim 8" of wheel 3, causes the magnetic system to be revolved, carrying with it the nng 28 and rollers 29. The rollers hearing upon the cam 31 thereby force the arms 25 2'5" and their attached brake-shoes against the outer ri rn of the drum 3 applying a braking force through the leverage of the cam 31'. Upon demagnetizing the core 19- 19* the pull between this core and the rim 3' is released, allowing the spring 18" to expand to force the arms 25 and the attached braheshoes away from the outer surface of the drum 3*, and at the same time the reaction oi one of the springs 32 32, attached by the flexible connection 33 33 to the magnet 4;, returns the magnet system to its normal position.

At the same time the ring 28 and Wheels 29 return to horizontal position, thereby releasing the pressure hetween the .wheels 30 and the cam 31. to enable the spring 18 to spread the brake-shoes. The combined action of the springs 32 and IS thus restores the entire braking system to its norm al' position.

Referring to Figs. 7 and 8, the machineshat't 1' carries the brake-drum 3 similarly to the (-'.onstru(,:tions before described, the

lutings 3" being in this form on the inner pcripheryof the drum 2%. The magnet-coils l9)" arc wound in a groove 35 of magnet-core 1!), which latter is mounted to oscillate on a iixcd stud 37, carriedby the frame-work.

i The magnet-core or part attached thereto callics cam-shapml projections 38, which E whcn oscillated by the magnet spreads the bralo shocs 3i), pivoted on stud 40, against the inside of drum 2%, thus applying the brakc. H is a rcl'rmting l'cal'or coil spring attached to the l mln- --shoos 3H and returning the parts to normal position when the In Figs. 5 and 6 I show a further modilicnwlll he soon that a very slight movement ol' tion of my invention, in which thc magnetic core 4" ll) and its coil 10 are mountcd upon a hub extension 26" ot the stationary frank- 14, the magnet rotating on tho r()llcl'-bcn|- ings 2t). In the opcration ol. this device [he magnetmoil 19 is cm rgized to produce the magnetic drag is rclicvcd. hi this lorn it l'llc cams UN produccs a considcrahlc-ntlove mcnt oi the hrahwshocs and also that. a; suh stantiolly closed nmgnetic circuit is provided as in the other Forms dcscribcd.

W hihl have ilhlstratwl and explained the opera'tioniof my' invention applied to mech anismto whichmagnetization is applied as the inltlalfretarding and braking force to secure the final bralcingeil'ort, it will be understood jthatthis. initial alpplication may be wher'a-ppli'ed to high-speed shafts, inasmuch astllehighrthe speed t-liegreater the drag that will be produced both by, the induced 1, currents, and by themechanical connections between ,parts It will be plain, that. other ma'nual used to. effect the initial pressure in place of the magnet system shownor that various,

other systems. of cams or levers could be read- I ily arranged'to.accomplishthe same result.

* I do not, therefore,limit myself to the means illustratedfor producing the initial braking pressure or to the means for transfnitting such initial pressure to the wheel or drum which is to be retarded.

Having thus described my invention, 1 dcclare that what 1 claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

In a brake system, the combination with a rcvoluble driven member, of elect-roma netic means for retarding said member anr mechanical means actuated by said electromagnetic means, substantially as described. i

2. In a brake system, the combination with a revoluble driven member, of a mechanical and an electromagnetic means for retarding the movement of said member, said mechanicalineans acting with an intensity proportional to that of the electromagnet-ie means, substantially as described 3. In a brake system, the combination 4 with a revoluble driven member, of a mechanical and an eleotroimtgnetic means for retardmg the rotation of said member, and

' an intermediate mechanical connection by which said electromagnetic means actuates said mechanical means at a greater power, substantially as described.

- 4. In a brake system, the, combination with a revoluble driven member, of an independently-movable member, means i or cansmg said members to react electromagnetteally upon each other whereby to drag said movable member with. said revoluble member, and a brake mechanism act nated by said movable member, substantially as described.

5. In a brake system, the combinatitm with a revoluble driven member, ol an independently-movable member, a meclmniral j brake iorsaid driven. member actuated by a rotation of said independently-mtwable momtherefor, a part mounted on the framework so her, and electromagnetic means for drillstng said members to move simultaneously, whereby said driven member is'ret't'ird ed in proportion tothe drag between it and the other member, Substantially as described.

6. .111 a brake system, the t nnl)inatio11 with a revqlnble driven member, of a member independently movable about the same axis, and amechanical brahe for said driven tnember'actuated by the rotation of said in- .dependeiitly-moiable member, ,"means for producing a yielding magnetic drag between said meml'iers,"and actuating connections for apydying the brake, substantially as de- --s 'ned.

57.111 a brake system, the combination with a revoluble driven member, of a brake therefor, a brake-actuating member mounted to;oscillate relatively to'said driven-member, magnetic means for yi'eldingly connecting said members, and brake connections control ledby the-oscillation of said brake-actuating member, substantially as described.

h. In a brake system, the combination with a revoluble driven member, of abrake there for, a. brake-actuating member mounted to oscillate relatively to said driven member, magnetic means for yieldingly connecting said members, brake connections controlled by said oscillation of said brake-actuating mei-nber, and means for restoring said parts to release said brake, substantially as described.

t). In a brake system, the combination with a revolubledriven member, of a brake therefor, aln'ake-actnating member carrying an electromagnet mounted to oscillate relatively to said driven member, means for energizing said magnet to oscillate said member, and bralm-actuating connections con,

trolled thereby, substantially as described.

It). in a brake system, the combination with a revoluble driven member, of a brake therefor, a brain-actuatingmemberhaving an eleetromagnet mounted thereon with projecting pole-pieces, an extension on said driven member adapted to rotate adjacent said pole-pieces, actuating connections for the brake, and means for producing an electromagnetic drag between said. driven member and the brake-actuating member to apply the brake, substantially as described.

t]. in a brake system, the combination with a revoluble driven member, of a. brake 'therel'or, a brake-actuating member having an i ron-elad electromagnet mounted thereon with projecting pole-picccs, an extension on said driven member adapted to rotate adjacentsaid poleapieces, actuating connections for the brake, and means for producing an elect-romagnotic drag between said driven member and the brake-actuat-ing member to apply the brake, substantially as described.

.12. In a brake system, the combination with a revo-luble driven member, of a brake as to oscillateineither directionfrom accntral lOO ' electromagnet for moving said part, substantisily as described.

' ing on said driven member toretard the same,

position to apply the broke, a spring for re- E storing said part to central position, and an 13. In a brake system, the combination 2 with a revohible driven member, of a brake therefor, apart mounted on the framework so i as to oscillate in either direction from a central position to apply the brake, a'spring for restoring said part to central position, and an eiectromagnetadapted to be oscillated, by said driven member for moving said part, substantially as described.

14. In a brake s stem, the combination with a driven mem er, of a brake mechanism, mechanical connections for actuating said brake, and electromagnetic means actand connections whereby the said connections are actuated by said electromagnetic means, substantially as described.

15. In a brake system, the combination with a driven member, of e brake mechanism, a zswsns tor actuating salcl brake, a rotatnioiv elecrromagnet1cally-actuated mem= bar, and. actuating connections between said n'mmber and said means, effective upon rotation of said member, substantially as described.

16. In a brake s stem, the combination with a driven mom er, of a brake mechanism, means for actuatin said brake, s rotatable electromagneticzilly-actuated memher, and cam-actnating connections between said member and said means, and effective \ipon rotation of said member, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

FRANK B. RAE.

Witnesses:

STANTON CLARKE, C1 W. BEAUMONT. 

